On this day, an eight individual discussions will be held in Zurich, no flowers, no wine, even a dedicated conference names are not. Side of the conference table, is ACM (ACM) of four representatives, the other side is the German Society for Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (GAMM) of four representatives, simply put the name of the place and the parties put together, called Zurich ACM-GAMM Conference . Later, history will prove that this is no grand, even less successful conference, computer science has changed since then, especially for the 1922 establishment of the GAMM speaking, this conference has become almost its only glorious deeds. 8 representatives have arrived in Zurich, they will be discussed in this planning a new programming language, known as the International Algebraic Language (IAL).
The left is the wire, right is a switch, this is the first machine language (Pictured 1946 ENIAC computer). the buffet Programmer to program design on paper first good, then pull the switch for several weeks and then wire work, the reader if done digital circuit experiment course, one can appreciate how the trouble to that, in case of which gener- line breaks, the investigation up a model that is a nightmare. Later, the programmers have a new approach, the program is designed to punch cards (no hole is a hole binary), then became a major work of programming punch, and if you are interested, to turn himself into a binary identification numbers , playing on the piece of paper and see what it's like. Still difficult to make a number, it is not difficult to imagine a program to fight it. Later, von Neumann the buffet proposed storage program, people like the program data as stored in the machine, ready to call the official program from that time until it becomes mental. But do not get too excited, though not connected to wires and drilling, but the program still use 0101001111, like "McDull story," said Mrs. Mak inside the chicken wrap wrap wrap wrap chicken wrap and then wrapped chicken chicken package the buffet penis. This program, when compiled only God can understand the author and, after a while, I am afraid the buffet that only God can understand it. Subsequently, the buffet some people use some common commands the buffet "mnemonic" instead, with ADD, MOV such wording, the formation of assembly language, the buffet but essentially wrap the chicken or chicken wrap with the same thing.
Backus was born in Philadelphia in 1924, where his father was a gunpowder company's employees. Backus kid does not love reading, mixed with a barely graduated from high school, entered the University of Virginia to study chemistry, the results are still very bad. After World War II broke out, Backus attended the U.S. Army, at Haverford the buffet College (this is not Harvard) medical training in preparation for saving lives, the results can not be saved as others, but added he has a brain tumor was found, then underwent surgery. Later, when a radio technician Backus intend, in the training process, suddenly had a great interest in mathematics, then enter to study mathematics at Columbia University, a master's degree in 1949, entered the IBM company.
Backus proposed to develop a new language has been approved, immediately set up a development team, and served as team leader, presided over the development work. In 1957, the first set of Fortran language was born, although birth crying the buffet does not ring, out of the first demo compilation error, but still strong enough to survive. This is not programming textbooks, for specific details Fortran, the narrative is not too much, but we have to remember that name, because it is very bright. Fortran is the world's first high-level language is formal application, the so-called high-level language, the syntax is that it is closer the buffet to human language, rather than chicken chicken wrapped package. Since then, programmers do not have to back those boring machine code, just use "IF (x> 0) THEN x = 0" the buffet such a straightforward approach to programming, can think and how excited people its launch. In the movie "Pirates of Silicon Valley", Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer said ironically, in order to arouse sexual desire Bill Gates must be so Jiaochuang:! Oh Fortran ~ Oh ~ For ~ ~ Tran ~. Until now, after years of improvement Fortran is still a place in the computer industry, I do not know whether to know the destiny of the year will be unpopular with Fortran, when von Neumann put it almost the buffet strangled in the cradle, drama is, in the first set Two months before the birth of Fortran, von Neumann died of cancer. About Fortran on the first point, although it is so brilliant, but for this article, it's only a supporting role. In the late 1950s, has intensified the contradictions programming the buffet language, Fortran is not able to single-handedly turn the tide. Moreover, there is a serious flaw Fortran itself, it is IBM704 born, dependent on the particular machine model, it is difficult ported the buffet to other machines. Revolution is not successful, comrades still work, at this time, ACM and GAMM all programming languages have some ideas, so they decided to sit together and discussing, planning a better language. Zurich is in such discussions will be held against the backdrop.
With the BNF, 8 represent you made me a language, his experience in the design language of Qingnangerchu, began to develop an international the buffet standard algebraic language. the buffet The so-called difficult to reach everyone in my mind for the new language has its own point of view, we soon ran into a dispute, who should be allowed, rushing to refute each other with a rapid rate of speech, the room air into a tight one by one of the "IAL", "IAL", "IAL" floating in the air, kept wandering. At this time, the main 席艾伦佩利 ACM group (Alan Perlis) suddenly staring round eyes and says loudly: Stop! Did you not find "IAL" The word is Raozui it?
佩利比巴科斯 two years older, was born in Pittsburgh in 1922, and Backus hometown of Philadelphia with Pennsylvania, the two can be considered half the villagers. While Perry was born on April Fool's, but He was not stupid, compared to Backus, Perry may be young and promising. Coincidentally, when Perry entering the university also chemistry, the buffet he was 21 years old, received a bachelor's degree in chemistry at Carnegie Institute of Technology, the college is now the United States ranked first in computer science famous universities, Carnegie Mellon University . And Backus Coincidentally, just out of college campus Paley, see the streets are recruiting poster, see Uncle Sam staring at him saying "I want you", see the taut nerves after Pearl Harbor the United States , also chose to join the army. Even more amazing coincidence, Paley also during service suddenly had a strong interest in mathematics, and instead of studying. In 1950, he earned the buffet a doctorate the buffet at MIT. Two years later he went to Purdue University, served as the first director of Purdue University Computing Center at Purdue installed IBM CPC computer, and to design a called IT (Internal Translator) the buffet programming language. Over the years, the six-year graduation was 34 years young, and jumped when the first term on the Carnegie Institute of Technology Computer Science Department, Carnegie configured IBM 650, the way the IT language ported to 650 . These efforts make Paley in programming language design, with a lot of experience and understanding, the buffet so the establishment of this committee in ACM programming language when Perry got into the position of the President. You readers, if the pace of growth the buffet of this amazing the buffet lets you surprised, then you had better take a little longer to adapt, the buffet in this series of articles, such a genius everywhere, let your hair cool back.
Closer the buffet to home, we just said, when discussing Paley that "IAL" The word is Raozui. If he knows a little Chinese, perhaps even find the word once read up fast, much like Chinese "ouch." Perry helped the buffet his spectacles, continued: I do not understand why you want to play such a name, is not only very Raozui and arrogant, does not it is a language, why do pull tiger banner of what is called "international language "? Perry did not remark it is intended, however, his heart and said simply, Backus did not notice this time around is hot blush ear, where the company Backus, back in 1924, still sell demographic card when it "arrogant" to be renamed called International Business Machines Corporation.
In addition to the name there is no consensus, and ultimately everyone syntax of the new language also failed to unify opinions, Zurich ACM-GAMM conference with a lot of unfinished controversy, in May 1, 1958 hastily came to a close. However, for these scientists, the facts speak louder than all the eloquent, never troubled donkey. After the meeting, they immediately put to work to achieve a new language - since the differences can not be resolved, then just say both are done. They set up a ZMMD team aims to develop a language ALGOL compiler, ZMMD the origin of the name, it is the beginning the buffet of the alphabet the buffet as well as several the buffet members of a Z22 computer where they were used in four cities.
Please computer professional readers at ease at this moment, let me give a little explanation other professional readers what is the compiler. We said earlier, because the computer can not understand human language, we need to use the machine instructions to write a program, we now have high-level programming language, without the use of cumbersome machine instructions, this is not because the computer learn human language, but because We invited a translator. Simply put, it is able to translate the buffet the high-level language into machine instructions, the buffet even if we do not do those mechanical labor, but also to satisfy the appetite of the machine are cold, this translation is the compiler, which itself is a set of procedures. Well, everyone fro God to continue our story.
At the end of 1958, shortly after the arrival of the European winter, tourists from all over the world have come to the magnificent Alps, exciting skiing experience. the buffet Just this winter, the buffet the efforts of the ZMMD group's first set of ALGOL language and its compiler successfully developed, by year, named ALGOL58. the buffet The fun part is, ALGOL58 there are three different versions of the grammar, in the actual programming and written expression wording is different, a bit like a sub-vernacular and classical Chinese, the big difference, even the wording of the decimal point are not the same. Since Backus participation, the buffet ALGOL58 both Fortran inherited many advantages, but also to make up for a lot less than Fortran, once so Fortran position facing severe challenges. Here we do not detail ALGOL58 look, its life is too short, and soon quit the stage of history. Because, in more than a year later, the buffet ALGOL58 creators, the buffet including Backus and Paley, etc., of this new language has many new experience and feelings. January 1960, they recruited several the buffet other computer scientists involved in ALGOL work, came the romantic city of Paris, once again held a seminar on the ALGOL language.
On this day, an eight individual discussions will be held in Zurich, no flowers, no wine, even a dedicated conference names are not. Side of the conference table, is ACM (ACM) of four representatives, the other side is the German Society for Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (GAMM) of four representatives, simply put the name of the place and the parties put together, called Zurich ACM-GAMM Conference . Later, history will prove that this is no grand, even less successful conference, computer science has changed since then, especially for the 1922 establishment of the GAMM speaking, this conference has become almost its only glorious deeds. 8 representatives have arrived in Zurich, they will be discussed in this planning a new programming language, known as the International Algebraic Language (IAL).
The left is the wire, right is a switch, this is the first machine the buffet language (Pictured 1946 ENIAC computer). Programmer to program design on paper first good, then pull the switch for several weeks and then wire work, the reader if done digital circuit experiment course, one can appreciate how the trouble to that, in case of which gener- line breaks, the investigation up a model that is a nightmare. the buffet Later, the programmers have a new approach, the program is designed to punch cards (no hole is a hole binary), then became a major work of programming punch, and if you are interested, to turn himself into a binary identification numbers , playing on the piece of paper and see what it's like. Still difficult to make a number, it is not difficult to imagine a program to fight it. Later, von Neumann proposed storage program, people like the program the buffet data as stored the buffet in the machine, ready to call the official program from that time until it becomes mental. But do not get too excited, though not connected to wires and drilling, but the program still use 0101001111, like "McDull story," said Mrs. Mak inside the chicken wrap wrap wrap wrap chicken wrap and then wrapped chicken chicken package penis. This program, when compiled the buffet only God can understand the author and, after a while, I am afraid that only God can understand the buffet it. Subsequently, some people use some common commands "mnemonic" instead, with ADD, MOV such wording, the formation of assembly language, but essentially wrap the chicken or chicken wrap with the same thing.
Backus was born in Philadelphia in 1924, where his father was a gunpowder company's employees. Backus kid does not love reading, mixed with a barely graduated from high school, entered the buffet the University of Virginia to study chemistry, the results are still very bad. After World War II broke out, Backus attended the U.S. Army, at Haverford College (this is not Harvard) medical training in preparation for saving lives, the results can not be saved as others, but added he has a brain tumor was found, then underwent surgery. Later, when a radio technician Backus intend, in the training process, suddenly had a great interest in mathematics, then enter to study mathematics at Columbia University, a master's degree in 1949, entered the IBM company.
Backus proposed to develop a new language has been approved, immediately set up a development team, and served as team leader, presided over the development work. In 1957, the first set of Fortran language was born, although not loud cries of birth, for the first time out of the demo compilation error, but still strong enough the buffet to survive. This is not programming textbooks, the buffet for specific details Fortran, the narrative the buffet is not too much, but we have to remember the buffet that name, because it is very bright. Fortran is the world's first high-level language is formal application, the so-called high-level language, the syntax is that it is closer to human language, rather the buffet than chicken chicken wrapped package. Since then, programmers do not have to back those boring machine code, just use "IF (x> 0) THEN x = 0" such a straightforward approach to programming, can think and how excited people its launch. In the movie "Pirates of Silicon Valley", the buffet Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer said ironically, in order to arouse sexual desire Bill Gates must be so Jiaochuang:! Oh Fortran ~ Oh ~ For ~ ~ Tran ~. Until now, after years of improvement Fortran is still a place in the computer industry
